Map of the Roman Empire in 330 CE. This year, Constantine the Great inaugurated the city of Constantinople.
Map of the Roman Empire in 395 CE. This year, Emperor Theodosius demised. The Roman Empire was then divided and ruled east and west.
Map of the Roman Empire in 450 CE. It was the last year of Emperor Theodosius II’s reign. Tap or click on the thumbnail image above to view a high-resolution map.
Map of the Byzantine Empire (the Eastern Roman Empire), the Territory of Julius Nepos and the Domain of Soissons in 476 CE. This year, the western Roman emperor Romulus Augustulus abdicated. Tap or click on the thumbnail image above to view a high-resolution map.
Map of the Byzantine Empire (the Eastern Roman Empire) in 565 CE. It was the last year of Emperor Justinian’s reign. Tap or click on the thumbnail image above to view a high-resolution map.
Map of the Byzantine Empire (the Eastern Roman Empire) in 622 CE. This year, the emperor Heraclius finally turned against the Persians in the Byzantine-Sasanian War. Tap or click on the thumbnail image above to view a high-resolution map.
Map of the Byzantine Empire (the Eastern Roman Empire) in 630 CE. In this year, the emperor Heraclius returned the True Cross to Jerusalem. It was the cross that he had regained as a result of his victory over the Sasanian dynasty. Tap or click on the thumbnail image above to view a high-resolution map.
Map of the Byzantine Empire (the Eastern Roman Empire) in 668 CE. It was the last year of Emperor Constans II’s reign. Tap or click on the thumbnail image above to view a high-resolution map.
Map of the Byzantine Empire (the Eastern Roman Empire) in 717 CE. This year, Emperor Leon III ascended the throne. Tap or click on the thumbnail image above to view a high-resolution map.
Map of the Byzantine Empire (the Eastern Roman Empire) in 775 CE. It was the last year of Emperor Constantine V’s reign. Tap or click on the thumbnail image above to view a high-resolution map.
Map of the Byzantine Empire (the Eastern Roman Empire) in 813 CE. This year, Emperor Leon V ascended the throne. Tap or click on the thumbnail image above to view a high-resolution map.
Map of the Byzantine Empire (the Eastern Roman Empire) in 842 CE. It was the last year of Emperor Theophilos’s reign. Tap or click on the thumbnail image above to view a high-resolution map.
Map of the Byzantine Empire (the Eastern Roman Empire) in 867 CE. This year, Emperor Basil I ascended the throne. Tap or click on the thumbnail image above to view a high-resolution map.
Map of the Byzantine Empire (the Eastern Roman Empire) in 927CE. This year saw the death of Tsar Simeon I of the First Bulgarian Empire and the peace between Byzantium and Bulgaria. Tap or click on the thumbnail image above to view a high-resolution map.
Map of the Byzantine Empire (the Eastern Roman Empire) in 959 CE. It was the last year of Emperor Constantine VII’s reign. Tap or click on the thumbnail image above to view a high-resolution map.
Map of the Byzantine Empire (the Eastern Roman Empire) in 969 CE. It was the last year of Emperor Nikephoros II Phokas’s reign. Tap or click on the thumbnail image above to view a high-resolution map.reign. Tap or click on the thumbnail image above to view a high-resolution map.
Map of the Byzantine Empire (the Eastern Roman Empire) in 975 CE. In the year, John I Tzimiskes made an expedition to the east. Tap or click on the thumbnail image above to view a high-resolution map.
Map of the Byzantine Empire (the Eastern Roman Empire) in 1000 CE. This year, Basil II launched a counter-offensive against the First Bulgarian Empire. He also annexed Tao. Tap or click on the thumbnail image above to view a high-resolution map.
Map of the Byzantine Empire (the Eastern Roman Empire) in 1025 CE. It was the last year of Emperor Basil II’s reign. Tap or click on the thumbnail image above to view a high-resolution map.
Map of the Byzantine Empire (the Eastern Roman Empire) in 1045 CE. This year, the Empire annexed Ani. Tap or click on the thumbnail image above to view a high-resolution map.
Map of the Byzantine Empire (the Eastern Roman Empire) in 1059 CE. This year, Emperor Constantine X Doukas ascended the throne. Tap or click on the thumbnail image above to view a high-resolution map.
Map of the Byzantine Empire (the Eastern Roman Empire) in 1081 CE. This year, Emperor Alexios I Komnenos ascended the throne. Tap or click on the thumbnail image above to view a high-resolution map.
Map of the Byzantine Empire (the Eastern Roman Empire) in 1118 CE. It was the last year of Emperor Alexios I Komnenos’s reign. Tap or click on the thumbnail image above to view a high-resolution map.
Map of the Byzantine Empire (the Eastern Roman Empire) in 1143 CE. It was the last year of Emperor John II Komnenos’s reign. Tap or click on the thumbnail image above to view a high-resolution map.
Map of the Byzantine Empire (the Eastern Roman Empire) in 1155 CE. This year, Manuel I launched an expedition to southern Italy. Probably the same year or the previous year, Anna Komnene passed away.
Map of the Byzantine Empire (the Eastern Roman Empire) in 1180 CE. It was the last year of Emperor Manuel I Komnenos’s reign. Tap or click on the thumbnail image above to view a high-resolution map.
Map of the Byzantine Empire (the Eastern Roman Empire) in 1203 CE. This year, Isaac II Angelos regained the throne. Tap or click on the thumbnail image above to view a high-resolution map.
Map of the Byzantine governments-in-exile in 1205 CE. The previous year, the Fourth Crusade occupied and sacked Constantinople. Tap or click on the thumbnail image above to view a high-resolution map.
Map of the Byzantine governments-in-exile in 1254 CE. It was the last year of Nicaean Emperor John III Doukas Vatatzes’s reign. Tap or click on the thumbnail image above to view a high-resolution map.
Map of the Byzantine Empire (the Eastern Roman Empire), the Trapezuntine Empire and the Despotate of Epirus in 1262 CE. The previous year, Emperor Michael VIII reconquered Constantinople. Tap or click on the thumbnail image above to view a high-resolution map.
Map of the Byzantine Empire (the Eastern Roman Empire), the Trapezuntine Empire, the Despotate of Epirus and the Principality of Theodoro in 1328 CE. This year, Emperor Andronikos III Palaiologos ascended the throne. Tap or click on the thumbnail image above to view a high-resolution map.
Map of the Byzantine Empire (the Eastern Roman Empire) , the Trapezuntine Empire and the Principality of Theodoro in 1340 CE. In this year, the Byzantine Empire annexed the Despotate of Epirus.
Map of the Byzantine Empire (the Eastern Roman Empire) , the Trapezuntine Empire and the Principality of Theodoro in 1354 CE. It was the last year of Emperor John VI Kantakouzenos’s reign. Tap or click on the thumbnail image above to view a high-resolution map.
Map of the Byzantine Empire (the Eastern Roman Empire) , the Trapezuntine Empire and the Principality of Theodoro in 1400 CE. The previous year, Emperor Manuel II left Constantinople to visit Western Europe to ask for reinforcements. Tap or click on the thumbnail image above to view a high-resolution map.
Map of the Byzantine Empire (the Eastern Roman Empire) , the Trapezuntine Empire and the Principality of Theodoro in 1403 CE. The previous year, the Battle of Ankara took place. Timur defeated and captured the Ottoman Sultan Bayezid the Thunderbolt. In the aftermath, Ottoman forces signed the Treaty of Gallipoli with the Byzantine Empire, Genoa and Venice in this year. Tap or click on the thumbnail image above to view a high-resolution map.
Map of the Byzantine Empire (the Eastern Roman Empire) , the Trapezuntine Empire and the Principality of Theodoro in 1445 CE. In this year, the despot Constantine of Moreas surrendered the Duchy of Athens and led an expedition to Thessaly. He succeeded to the imperial throne following the demise of his brother. The previous year, the Battle of Varna took place, which was won by the Ottomans. Tap or click on the thumbnail image above to view a high-resolution map.
Map of the Byzantine Empire (the Eastern Roman Empire) , the Trapezuntine Empire and the Principality of Theodoro in 1453 CE. This year marks the end of the reign of Constantine XI.
References
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Magoulias (trans.), O City of Byzantium, Annals of Niketas Choniates (Byzantine Texts in Translation), Detroit: Wayne State Univ Pr., 1984 ・Dumbarton Oaks. “Online Catalogue of Byzantine Seals”. https://www.doaks.org/resources/seals, (accessed 13 Oct. 2023). ・Evans, James Allan Stewart, The Age of Justinian: The Circumstances of Imperial Power(Roman Imperial Biographies Series), London: Routledge, 1996. ・Georg, Ostrogorsky, Geschichte des Byzantinischen Staates, Munich: C.H.Beck, 1940, 3rd. ed. 1963, (Japanese translation by Wada, Hiroshi, Bizantsuteikokushi, Tokyo: Koubunsha, 2001.) ・Greatrex, Geoffrey, & Samuel N. C. 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Kobayashi, Isao, Umarekuru bummei to taijisurukoto: 7seiki Chichuukaisekai no aratana rekishizou [To confront the emerging civilization: A new perspective on Mediterranean history in the 7th century (MINERVA Western History Library)], Kyoto: Minerva Shobo, 2020. ・Komatina, Predrag. “ON THE QUESTION OF THE BYZANTINE RULE IN CROATIA IN THE LATE 10TH AND EARLY 11TH CENTURY.” Историјски Часопис, no. 71, 2022: pp.11–34. ・Kobayashi, Isao, Tamon Baba, (eds), Medieval History of Mediterranean World (Chichuukaisekai no chuuseishi), Kyoto: Minerva Shobo 2021. ・Komnene, Anna, Yozo Aino (trans.), Alexiad, Tokyo: Yushokan, 2019. ・Kreutz, Barbara M, Before the Normans: Southern Italy in the Ninth and Tenth Centuries, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1991. ・Lançon, Bertrand, Constantin (306-337) (Que sais-je?), Paris: Presses universitaires de France, 1998.(Japanese translation by Otsuki, Yasuhiro , Koutei Yustinianusu (Bunko Kuseju), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, 2005). ・Maraval, Pierre, L’empereur Justinien (Que sais-je?), Paris: Universitaires de France, 1999. 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Cambridge, MA: The Mediaeval Academy of America, 1936 ・Watanabe, Kin-Ichi, Bizantsu shakaikeizaishi Kenkyu, (Studies in Byzantine Socio-Economic History), Tokyo: Iwanamishoten, 1968. ・Yamabe, Noriko, Norumankishi no Chichukai kouboushi, (History of the rise and fall of the Norman knights in the Mediterranean), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, 2009.
